Ethical global health in nursing education: An integrative review

AimThe purpose of this integrative review is to provide a comprehensive review of ethical considerations for host communities and nursing programs in planning, implementing and evaluating global health experiences for nursing students.BackgroundGlobal health experiences for nursing students are proliferating rapidly across university settings while at the same time decreasing the average time spent in the host country engaged with local communities. Global health experiences are an area where students can experience ethics as it is applied across varied contexts including resource limited international settings. As nursing education expands its global programming, exploring the ethical implications of designing, implementing and evaluating GHEs becomes pivotal to build respectful, sustainable relationships with global partners and best prepare nursing students for ethical professional practice in an interconnected world.DesignWe conducted an integrative review to examine ethical considerations in development of ethical global health experiences that benefit, rather than harm, host communities and participating nursing student guests.MethodsThe search included articles published in English language, peer-reviewed journals between 1998 and 2021 that discussed ethics in the context of nursing students traveling internationally for global health experiences. Eighteen articles met criteria for review.ResultsOverall, findings demonstrate relatively little research specific to ethical engagement in global health experiences. The articles in this integrative review discussed a range of ethical attributes including reciprocity or collaboration, respect, sustainability or commitment, justice and openness. Recommendations based on research and non-research articles are provided.ConclusionsEthical comportment in global health experiences requires careful planning, implementation and evaluation to assure an equitable and sustainable partnership between host community, faculty and nursing student guests.     

发热伴血小板减少综合征研究热点的可视化分析

[摘要]　目的　对发热伴血小板减少综合征（severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, SFTS）的相关文献进行文献计量学和可视化分析，探寻近年来的研究现状、热点及趋势，为临床治疗和基础研究提供参考。方法?以Web of Science（WOS）核心合集和中国知网（China national knowledge infrastructure, CNKI）数据库为文献来源，检索2011年1月1日—2021年12月31日有关SFTS的文献，导入CiteSpace.5.7.R2软件，以国家、作者、文献共被引、关键词为节点进行可视化分析，并绘制相关图谱。结果?在WOS核心合集共检索到797篇文献，在CNKI数据库共检索到714篇文献。相关领域发文量总体呈上升趋势，中国发文量居首位，美国和日本之间机构合作密切。研究热点集中在发病机制、抗体、特异性治疗等领域。非结构蛋白、临床预后、血小板减少、SFTS感染的靶细胞等将是未来的研究重点。结论?国内外关于SFTS的研究逐渐成熟，新型布尼亚病毒、免疫功能、预后是研究重点，但是对SFTS发病机制和病毒受体尚不清楚，仍须进一步探索。     

高校科技期刊的业务流程再造实践——以《中国有色金属学报》为例

【目的】 在媒体融合的背景下,探索高校科技期刊获得良性、可持续发展的业务流程再造方案。【方法】 通过问卷调查法和深度访谈法,对《中国有色金属学报》学术用户的实际需求进行诊断分析,并依据《中国有色金属学报》一年内的业务流程再造实践,总结和设计普适性较强的高校科技期刊业务流程再造方案。【结果】 《中国有色金属学报》在学术用户群体服务与管理、学术资源挖掘和利用、缩短出版周期和媒体融合等方面进行业务流程再造并取得了显著成效。【结论】 高校科技期刊要想谋求新的发展和突破,必须基于用户日益增长的学术需求进行业务拓展,同时基于技术和机制,与时俱进地进行业务流程再造。     

护士"互联网+护理服务"参与行为意愿量表的编制及信效度检验

目的编制护士"互联网+护理服务"参与行为意愿量表,并进行信效度检验。方法以计划行为理论为框架,采用文献回顾、半结构式访谈法形成量表的条目池;通过专家咨询、项目分析对量表条目进行筛选,初步形成护士"互联网+护理服务"参与行为意愿量表。采用方便抽样法,于2020年10—12月选取江苏省6所医院(2所三级医院、2所二级医院、2所一级医院)的825名护士进行正式调查,检验问卷的信效度。结果护士"互联网+护理服务"参与行为意愿量表包括3个分量表(参与行为态度、主观行为规范、感知行为控制)、8个维度、17个条目。总量表的Cronbach'sα系数为0.927、重测信度系数为0.805。护士"互联网+护理服务"参与行为意愿与参与行为的相关系数为0.743(P<0.01)。因子分析提取出8个公因子,累积方差贡献率为72.33%。结论护士"互联网+护理服务"参与行为意愿量表具有较好的信效度,可用于护士"互联网+护理服务"参与行为意愿的评估。     

中医移动医疗App信息服务现状研究

以“七麦数据”网站收录的中医移动医疗App作为研究对象，采用网络调查法和文献分析法，根据“七麦数据”对移动医疗App的分类，结合中医移动医疗App的信息服务内容和特点，将筛选出的中医移动医疗App划分为医疗健康类、中医养生类、知识传播类、全面综合类，并根据“七麦数据”网站中对各类中医移动医疗App的打分及累计下载量筛选出最具代表性的12款中医移动医疗App，从全面性、人性化、安全性、实用性4个一级指标和40个二级指标对其信息服务现状进行评价，指出当前中医移动医疗App信息服务存在的问题并提出建议。     

The Cost-Effectiveness of Intermediate-Acting,Long-Acting,Ultralong-Acting,and Biosimilar Insulins for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review

ObjectivesThe incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus is increasing every year requiring substantial expenditure on treatment and complications. A systematic review was conducted on the cost-effectiveness of insulin formulations, including ultralong-, long-, or intermediate-acting insulin, and their biosimilar insulin equivalents.MethodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, HTA, and NHS EED were searched from inception to June 11, 2021. Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analyses were included if insulin formulations in adults (≥ 16 years) with type 1 diabetes mellitus were evaluated. Two reviewers independently screened titles, abstracts, and full-text articles, extracted study data, and appraised their quality using the Drummond 10-item checklist. Costs were converted to 2020 US dollars adjusting for inflation and purchasing power parity across currencies.ResultsA total of 27 studies were included. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios ranged widely across the studies. All pairwise comparisons (11 of 11, 100%) found that ultralong-acting insulin was cost-effective compared with other long-acting insulins, including a long-acting biosimilar. Most pairwise comparisons (24 of 27, 89%) concluded that long-acting insulin was cost-effective compared with intermediate-acting insulin. Few studies compared long-acting insulins with one another.ConclusionsLong-acting insulin may be cost-effective compared with intermediate-acting insulin. Future studies should directly compare biosimilar options and long-acting insulin options and evaluate the long-term consequences of ultralong-acting insulins.     

基于CNKI的中医药治疗癫痫的知识图谱分析＊

目的 运用科学知识图谱的手段，分析中医药治疗癫痫的研究进程并提炼重点。方法 设置检索时间为1990年至2020年，检索对象为中国知网（CNKI）该领域的相关文献，运用CiteSpace软件科学、准确地分析这些文献的作者信息、研究（发文）机构、关键词情况。结果 共计纳入文献793篇，马融-张喜莲、刘金民、谢炜、王洪图-张丽萍等领导核心作者团队，北京、广州以及广西中医药大学、天津中医药大学第一附属医院、南方医科大学等单位为主要进行相关研究的机构，高频关键词包括大鼠、难治性癫痫、小儿癫痫、海马、脑电图等，作用机制、网络药理学、肠道菌群、氧化应激、分子生物学等为近年来的热点与前沿。结论 通过借用知识图谱的分析能帮助提炼国内中医药治疗癫痫研究领域的重点，全面分析并科学判断近年来该领域的热点及前沿，为未来的研究夯实基础并把握方向。     

Institutional one health and animal-human health connections in Nthongoni,Eastern Kenya

In recent years, there has been increased global advocacy for the use of a collaborative, multisectoral, and transdisciplinary approach: a One Health approach, with the goal to achieve optimal health outcomes for people, animals and their shared environment. This study explored One Health implementation and practice in Kenya. Further, I used a case study of Nthongoni, a remote rural area in Eastern Kenya, to help us to understand and think about implementation of One Health in an area where mainstream biomedical system runs parallel to or is in conflict with, a deeply entrenched indigenous health system. I used a qualitative research approach including participant observation, and key informant and general respondents' in-depth interviews. Data was transcribed verbatim, translated, checked for consistency and coded for content and thematic analysis. The findings indicate that although Kenya's One Health approach was hailed as a key strategy and a model for other countries in the region, the approach faced significant challenges including insufficient funding, competing priorities and concerns over its sustainability. But while the formal One Health is embroiled in structural and politico-economic influences that curtail its operationalization and success, this study illuminates a lay one health that is part of lived realities in Nthongoni, inviting us to reflect on the place for and status of traditional healers, and meaning of health for people and animals. The study further provokes our thoughts over whether One Health should integrate or do away with traditional health systems, or be abandoned altogether. I argue that incorporating traditional health knowledge and practitioners in One Health might help to make health care more robust and culturally responsive. The work contributes to debates on anthropology of health in general and to anthropological understanding of both the lay one health and the institutional One Health agenda.     

发热伴血小板减少综合征研究热点的可视化分析

[摘要]　目的　对发热伴血小板减少综合征（severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, SFTS）的相关文献进行文献计量学和可视化分析，探寻近年来的研究现状、热点及趋势，为临床治疗和基础研究提供参考。方法?以Web of Science（WOS）核心合集和中国知网（China national knowledge infrastructure, CNKI）数据库为文献来源，检索2011年1月1日—2021年12月31日有关SFTS的文献，导入CiteSpace.5.7.R2软件，以国家、作者、文献共被引、关键词为节点进行可视化分析，并绘制相关图谱。结果?在WOS核心合集共检索到797篇文献，在CNKI数据库共检索到714篇文献。相关领域发文量总体呈上升趋势，中国发文量居首位，美国和日本之间机构合作密切。研究热点集中在发病机制、抗体、特异性治疗等领域。非结构蛋白、临床预后、血小板减少、SFTS感染的靶细胞等将是未来的研究重点。结论?国内外关于SFTS的研究逐渐成熟，新型布尼亚病毒、免疫功能、预后是研究重点，但是对SFTS发病机制和病毒受体尚不清楚，仍须进一步探索。